Cyprus
Categories Score
The full bar chart stands for 100%, and is filled by the country category score. The colour display uses the traffic light palette, with Green representing a score closer to 100% and Red a score closer to 0%.
ASYLUM
This category looks into laws that expressly include SOGISC as a qualification criteria for seeking asylum. We also take into account other legislation, policies, instruction or positive measures by state actors that are related to asylum addressing the needs and rights of LGBTI asylum seekers and refugees.
Criteria Compliance Ratio
Each pie charts stands for a category and is divided in slices by criteria. When a country complies with a criteria – fully or in some regions – the slice is coloured.
Keep in mind the criteria have different weighting factor within a category; for example, the criteria Prohibition of medical intervention without informed consent (intersex) stands for half (2.5%) of the INTERSEX BODILY INTEGRITY category weighting factor (5%). Meaning that even if a country can only comply with this specific criteria within the category (1/4 total criteria) the category scores 50%.
More information on the categories and criteria weighting factors here.
Category & Criteria Table
The table lists detailed information and insights on legislation supporting each criterion status. Please use the filters for in-depth analysis.
n/a = not applicable, meaning the criteria didn’t exist in the previous Rainbow Map edition (PROGRESSION column)
- Complies
- Applicable in some regions only
- Does not Comply
RECOMMENDATIONS
In order to improve the legal and policy situation of LGBTI people in Cyprus, ILGA-Europe recommend:
- Adopting a national action plan regarding LGBTQI human rights and implementation approved by the cabinet and the ministries, created by a committee, appointed by the Government of civil Society activists and politicians.
- Adopting legislation to allow same-sex couples to have civil marriage and access to adoption rights and medically assisted reproduction.
- Adopting a fair, transparent legal framework based on administrative measures for legal gender recognition based on a process of self-determination and free from abusive requirements (such as sterilisation, GID/medical diagnosis, or surgical/medical intervention).
Northern Cyprus: (*)
- Registered partnership for same-sex couples
- Legal gender recognition procedure based on self-determination
- Effective investigation of Hate Speech Crimes
*Areas not under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus
Annual Review of Cyprus
In our Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of LGBTI People in Europe and Central Asia, we examine the advances made and provide concrete examples of on-the-ground situations at national level country-by-country in the 12 months from January to December 2025.
Read our Annual Review of Cyprus below for more details and stories behind the Rainbow Map. You can also download the Annual Review chapter (.pdf) covering Cyprus.
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In April, an LGBTI-phobic display was reported at the Church of Saint George Havouzas in Limassol, where the acronym “LGBT” was placed on a traditional Easter bonfire (lampratzia) in the position typically reserved for an effigy of Judas. The incident prompted political and institutional reactions: AKEL Secretary-General Stefanos Stefanou contacted Justice Minister Marios Hartsiotis and Police Chief Themistos Arnaoutis, urging that the matter be investigated. In the aftermath, calls were made for public vigilance and solidarity, with warnings that the incident could signal heightened risks of anti-LGBTI violence ahead of Cyprus Pride 2025.
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In May, Cypriot police arrested one individual in connection with the assault and verbal abuse of a 17-year-old in Nicosia. The incident occurred when the teenager was approached by two individuals who allegedly insulted and physically attacked him. While reports suggested possible homophobic or racist motives, police stated that the case is being investigated solely as an incident of assault and verbal abuse.
In May, the House Human Rights Committee in Cyprus reported a rise in racially motivated crimes. Deputy Police Chief Ioannis Georgiou stated that over the past two years, 51 attacks were recorded against food delivery drivers, while 54 racist incidents were documented in 2023. Georgiou also noted an increase in reported crimes against LGBTI people, with 14 incidents recorded in 2022 and 17 in 2023.
In June, a group of Cypriot secondary school students visiting the city were involved in a homophobic and transphobic incident, as reported by Thessaloniki Pride. According to an open letter sent to Cyprus’s Education Minister Athena Michaelidou, around 20 students verbally attacked a trans woman and a gay man. Following the report, Minister Michaelidou requested an official account of the incident, with the Ministry’s Director of Secondary Education, Nicholas Yiasoumi, confirming that an inquiry was underway.
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In November, a draft amendment defining the terms “woman” and “gender” for the first time in Cyprus triggered strong opposition from human rights groups, who warned that the proposal could exclude trans women from existing protections under domestic-violence legislation. The bill, submitted by DIKO MP Chrysis Pantelidis and DISY MP Charis Georgiades, seeks to revise the national law aligning with EU Directive 2024/1385 and the Istanbul Convention. Supporters argued that a precise definition is needed and insisted that the measure does not restrict gender-identity rights. Government bodies and independent institutions, however, stressed that neither the directive nor the Convention defines “woman,” noted that trans women face disproportionate levels of violence, and cautioned that limiting the definition could breach non-discrimination standards. Several organisations and a number of MPs opposed the bill, prompting the parliamentary committee to request a legal opinion from the Law Office while the Justice Ministry reviews the submissions.
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In March, a gay couple reported being stranded in Cyprus after the birth of their twins via a surrogacy arrangement, due to ongoing delays in obtaining passports for their children. Despite submitting all necessary documents and applying for the passports in January, their application has been repeatedly delayed by administrative errors, including miscommunication and misplaced documents.
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In May, a group dressed in black disrupted a pre-Pride march gathering, chanting homophobic slogans. The individuals carried flags featuring double-headed eagles as well as Enosis flags.
In September, the annual United by Pride event brought together LGBTI people and allies in Nicosia for a march dedicated to peace, justice, and queer liberation. Now in its fourth year, the event featured two simultaneous marches from opposite sides of the divided city, converging for a joint celebration. The organisers described United by Pride 2025 as “a beacon of hope,” reaffirming their commitment to multicultural coexistence, human rights, tolerance, and the continued struggle for peace, reunification, and queer liberation in Cyprus.
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In November, new figures from the Interior Ministry showed that 51 people in Cyprus have changed their gender marker and name on official ID since 2021.
Northern Cyprus *
*Areas not under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus
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In September, a court ruling highlighted serious shortcomings in the police response to online hate speech targeting the LGBTI community, finding that authorities had failed to conduct an effective investigation into harassment related to a Pride march.
The court stressed that law enforcement has a clear obligation to respond promptly and thoroughly to anti-LGBTI hate incidents.
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In late 2025, local authorities announced plans to declare 2026 the “Year of the Family,” explicitly stating that the initiative would draw on Turkey’s 2025 campaign of the same name.
As Turkey’s “Year of the Family” had been widely criticised for promoting exclusionary and anti-LGBTI interpretations of “family values,” the announcement prompted concern among civil society.
In 2025, Human Rights Platform together with Queer Cyprus Association continued to highlight the need for legal recognition of LGBTI relationships and of partnership rights.
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In May, Human Rights Platform organised a public panel addressing anti-gender and anti-LGBTI rethorics within the framework of the International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia, Interphobia, and Transphobia (IDAHOBIT).
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According to Queer Cyprus Solidarity Line, significant requests for information submitted in 2025 concerned HIV status, access to treatment, PrEP/ PEP information, psychological support, gender-affirming hormone treatments, trans-specific healthcare.
The full Annual Review for 2026 is available here.