Montenegro
Categories Score
The full bar chart stands for 100%, and is filled by the country category score. The colour display uses the traffic light palette, with Green representing a score closer to 100% and Red a score closer to 0%.
ASYLUM
This category looks into laws that expressly include SOGISC as a qualification criteria for seeking asylum. We also take into account other legislation, policies, instruction or positive measures by state actors that are related to asylum addressing the needs and rights of LGBTI asylum seekers and refugees.
Criteria Compliance Ratio
Each pie charts stands for a category and is divided in slices by criteria. When a country complies with a criteria – fully or in some regions – the slice is coloured.
Keep in mind the criteria have different weighting factor within a category; for example, the criteria Prohibition of medical intervention without informed consent (intersex) stands for half (2.5%) of the INTERSEX BODILY INTEGRITY category weighting factor (5%). Meaning that even if a country can only comply with this specific criteria within the category (1/4 total criteria) the category scores 50%.
More information on the categories and criteria weighting factors here.
Category & Criteria Table
The table lists detailed information and insights on legislation supporting each criterion status. Please use the filters for in-depth analysis.
n/a = not applicable, meaning the criteria didn’t exist in the previous Rainbow Map edition (PROGRESSION column)
- Complies
- Applicable in some regions only
- Does not Comply
RECOMMENDATIONS
In order to improve the legal and policy situation of LGBTI people in Montenegro, ILGA-Europe recommend:
- Legal gender recognition procedure based on self-determination
- Freedom of assembly for public events being held without state obstruction and with enough state protection
- LGBTI human rights defenders are not at risk
Annual Review of Montenegro
In our Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of LGBTI People in Europe and Central Asia, we examine the advances made and provide concrete examples of on-the-ground situations at national level country-by-country in the 12 months from January to December 2025.
Read our Annual Review of Montenegro below for more details and stories behind the Rainbow Map. You can also download the Annual Review chapter (.pdf) covering Montenegro.
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In January, two attacks targeting LGBTI people took place in Podgorica. The first incident occurred when around 15 young assailants threw stones and glass bottles at two people walking down the street, while shouting homophobic insults. One person sustained minor hand injuries, while the other escaped unharmed. A few days later, the same individuals were again attacked outside their rented apartment. A group of minors armed with metal rods and stones surrounded their taxi. The attackers attempted to force open the vehicle’s door and caused damage to the car. The NGO Queer Montenegro condemned the incidents and called on authorities to take measures to identify and prosecute those responsible, but no outcome has been reported by late 2025.
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In November, Montenegrin institutions met in Podgorica to review progress on harmonising national legislation with the 2020 Law on Same-Sex Partnerships, five years after its adoption. Despite the law’s entry into force, full alignment across sectoral legislation remains incomplete, particularly in areas such as social security, taxation, and administrative procedures, limiting the practical enjoyment of rights by same-sex couples. The meeting, organised under the joint EU–Council of Europe action Combating Hatred and Intolerance in Montenegro, brought together representatives of relevant ministries to assess progress since July, identify remaining gaps, and outline next steps. Participants agreed to continue regular coordination, with a follow-up session scheduled for March 2026.
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In June, the European Parliament published its periodic report on Montenegro, highlighting concerns that the draft law on legal gender recognition was not adopted in 2024, despite it being a measure under Montenegro’s EU accession programme.
In November, the European Commission released its latest report on Montenegro, noting that, while some progress has been made, the country continues to face outstanding obligations in key EU accession chapters 23 and 24. The report highlights that Montenegro has not yet adopted the Draft Law on Legal Recognition of Gender Identity based on self-determination, despite completing prior legislative steps and consultations with the European Commission. In addition, the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination and the Law on Life Partnership of Persons of the Same Sex remain pending full implementation, with delays exceeding five years in some cases.
The full Annual Review for 2026 is available here.